Machining丨Deburring Basics
Burrs are common in metalworking. No matter how sophisticated and fine the equipment you use, it will come with the product. This is mainly due to the plastic deformation of the material and the excessive ferrous chips generated at the machined edges of the material being machined, especially in materials with good ductility or toughness, which are particularly prone to burrs.
The main types of burr include flying burrs, sharp-edged burrs, splash burrs and other prominent excess metal residues that do not meet product design requirements; to date, there is no effective method for preventing this problem during the production process. In order to ensure that the product meets the design requirements, engineers need to carry out dismantling of the product. To date, there are many different methods and equipment available for removing burrs from different products.
Generally, the methods of deburring can be divided into four categories.
1. Coarse grade (hard contact)
This category includes cutting, grinding, filing and scraping processes.
2. Normal grade (soft contact)
In this category are belt grinding, lapping, elastic wheel grinding and polishing.
3. Fine grade (flexible contact)
This category includes washing treatment, electrochemical treatment, electrolytic grinding and rolling treatment.
4. Superfine grade (fine contact)
This category includes abrasive flow deburring, magnetic abrasive deburring, electrolytic deburring, thermal deburring and dense radium intensity ultrasonic deburring. This method of deburring allows for adequate machining accuracy of the part.
When choosing a deburring method, many factors are taken into account, such as the material properties of the part, its structural shape, size and dimensions and the degree of refinement, with particular attention to surface roughness, dimensional tolerances, distortion and residual stress variations.
There are several methods of deburring: 1. manual deburring, 2. die deburring, 3. grinding deburring, 4. freezing deburring, 5. thermal burst deburring, 6. engraving machine deburring, 7. chemical deburring, 8. electrolytic deburring, 9. high-pressure water jet deburring, 10. ultrasonic deburring, 11. abrasive flow deburring, 12. magnetic grinding deburring.
When magnetic grinding, the workpiece is placed in the magnetic field formed by two magnetic poles, and magnetic abrasives are placed in the gap between the workpiece and the magnetic poles; the abrasives are arranged neatly along the magnetic lines of force to form a soft and rigid magnetic grinding brush, when the workpiece rotates in the magnetic field well for axial vibration. When the workpiece is rotated in the magnetic field for axial vibration, relative movement occurs between the workpiece and the abrasive, and the abrasive brush grinds the surface of the workpiece; the magnetic grinding method can effectively and quickly grind and deburr parts, and is suitable for various materials, sizes and structures of parts. It is a finishing method with low investment, high efficiency, versatility and good quality.
Currently, it is possible to grind and deburr the inner and outer surfaces of rotating bodies, flat parts, gear wheels and teeth, complex surfaces, remove oxide from wires and clean printed circuit boards.